Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

Morals - Essay Example These moral concerns can direct the activities of DWI in their official and informal situation on any progression taken by the FCC to permit a similar organization to control more media sources in a geological area. The principal moral worry for DWI is to be utilitarian in its morals to offer the most ideal assistance to society. In any case, since society additionally incorporates the contenders of the organization it is hard to apply utilitarian morals to the organization and moral pride has all the earmarks of being an increasingly practical methodology. In this methodology the organization needs to do what it thinks will be the most valuable game-plan for the partners of the organization which incorporates the speculators, the investors, the representatives just as the purchaser. One technique for doing that would be for the organization to amplify its benefits which should be possible on the off chance that it controls a greater amount of the media in a given area. Organizations, for example, Viacom and Disney are doing precisely the equivalent since it would be productive for them to control an enormous portion of a given market (Turner, 2004). On the off chance that DWI is comparative in size and market situating to these organizations it should adopt a similar strategy as taken by the other enormous firms and bolster the designs for permitting one organization to control a more noteworthy portion of the media business in a land zone. Notwithstanding, since moral selfishness requests that DWI pay special mind to its own wellbeing, if DWI doesn't have a media business as extensive as Disney or Viacom, it should try to ensure its business advantages through conflicting with the plans of the bigger organizations. Truth be told, the organization ought to be very vocal about littler organizations being pushed bankrupt with goliaths solid furnishing them and furthermore converse with any individual who is eager to tune in about the media circumstance. Further, to keep the circumstance from creating, DWI could likewise carry the consideration of the individuals to the way that control

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Moral Stages of Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Moral Stages of Development - Essay Example Mixed all through these basic learning levels are seven distinct phases of comprehension in which the youngster gradually advances starting with one level then onto the next. Kohlberg characterizes the principal level of good improvement as when a kid is entirely naive to rules and principles of conduct, however just to the degree that the individual in question will act a specific method to stay away from physical discipline or addition physical prizes (treats, and so forth.). Level Two good advancement includes both congruity and reliability to social standards, as indicated by Kohlberg, and this is the level that guardians and instructors endeavor to impart in their youngsters. In this stage, laws and cultural principles are acknowledged and comprehend as being set up to benefit the country or gathering. Conversely, Level Three, additionally called the Autonomous Level, sees an individual creation judgment decisions put together not just with respect to cultural desires and laws yet on their very own moral code, which has created consistently (Kohlberg 1971). As indicated by Miller, Van Esterik and Van Esterik, the idea of youth itself has just been being used for a couple hundred years (2001); this relative novelty gives specialists hardly any solid belief systems with regards to understanding the ethical improvement of a youngster in school. Kottak concurs that the job of the homeroom and the impacts of a changing world are continually making new issues with understudies; he feels that specifically, TV has an incredible task to carry out in the sexual orientation advancement of understudies all over the place. Kottak takes note of that in a couple of brief a long time as TV got ubiquitous, understudies started treating their instructors and their companions with what he sees as less regard and basically less consideration. Rather than taking in their place in the public eye from their educators and their folks, they are additionally taking in it from motion pictures and TV programs; in reality these very projects directly affect the sex ual orientation inclination in study halls (Kottak 2000). Where guardians and even educators may will in general keep away from really examining the issue of sexual orientation predisposition in the study hall and the more extensive world, TV opens up the point for conversation and kids are learning right off the bat about their history as a sex and settling on choices about their future in this regard. End Kohlberg's degrees of good improvement can be legitimately actualized by educators in early learning circumstances most viably; the additional time left before imparting fundamental social desires, the more troublesome it is to ingrain them by any stretch of the imagination. As kids in level one are the most defenseless to learning new ideas, it is best that educators of more youthful kids give a valiant effort to address issues of sex inclination so as to present the youngsters into another reality, rather than just encouraging them about what as of now exists. Maybe this is the most urgent part of level one learning: rather than indicating kids the things that need changing and trusting they will choose to stand firm later on, show them their job in a progressively idealized society, where the sexual orientations are really

Sunday, July 26, 2020

7 Business Growth Strategies for Small Businesses

7 Business Growth Strategies for Small Businesses Take a look at some of the largest businesses today, and you are likely to be blown away by the numbers they boast in terms of capitalization, revenue and profitability. Walmart, the world’s largest retailer according to Forbes, reported USD 482.13 billion in revenue and USD 14.7 billion net income as of February 2016.There is Subway, the fastest growing franchise in the world with close to 45,000 restaurants as of September 2016, making it the largest single-brand restaurant chain and the largest restaurant operator in the world. British company The Body Shop currently operates franchises in close to 3,000 locations worldwide, and remains to be one of the most recognizable brands in specialty skin care, even after its acquisition by L’Oreal in 2006.Very impressive, aren’t they? These are the companies that are making the big bucks and controlling pretty much a large portion of the market. They wield so much influence and power, it is hard to picture them being less than the bu siness behemoths that they are today. © Shutterstock.com | garagestockSam Walton started Walmart in 1945 by purchasing a modest Ben Franklin store where he sold products that he purchased at a low cost from suppliers, and subsequently resold to customers at low prices. It was in 1965 when Fred DeLuca obtained a $1,000 loan from a friend and opened “Pete’s Super Submarines”, which later became known worldwide as “Subway”. The Body Shop founder Anita Roddick opened her first “The Body Shop” store by getting a $6,800 bank loan in 1977, and she started selling skincare products that she and her daughters made at home, using unique and healthy ingredients.This is their reality: most of these big businesses started out small in the past. They weren’t always the juggernauts that they are at present. At one point, they also belonged to that relatively obscure but promising group referred to as “small businesses”. Unfortunately, it is also a reality that only a handful of an entire slew of small businesses wi ll actually grow to join the ranks of Walmart, Subway and The Body Shop.What eventually made them break out of that group and charge ahead of their contemporaries?The likeliest answer, aside from determination and good business practices, is the application of business growth strategies.Small businesses have several options to choose from, depending on various factors and circumstances. We will look into seven of the growth strategies that are applicable to small businesses hoping to expand their operations and occupy a larger share of the market.MARKET PENETRATIONMarket penetration is probably the first â€" almost default â€" option of small businesses hoping to grow and expand their operations. This works best in a scenario where there are no new products, and there are no new markets to enter. Left with no choice, the small business will then look at what it currently has, right where it currently is. That means the focus will be on the current products or services, in the curren t market.It is pretty straightforward: the small business will market its existing products or services in the same market it is in, with the aim of increasing its market share.This is a competitive way of doing things, because the small business will be facing its competitors head on, implementing various strategies in order to increase its market share. Some of the market penetration strategies employed by small businesses are:Reducing the selling prices of the products or services, with the intention of attracting consumers with the lower price. This works best in a market with very little differentiation. Walton effectively used this strategy when it set up its first Walmart store. There were other retail stores at the time, but what made his market share go up is because he was able to offer the products at lower retail prices than the other retailers.Increasing promotions for products or services to improve their pull strategy. Aside from both conventional and non-conventional forms of advertising, small businesses can also employ other means to attract customers. Examples are special offers, special promotional events, offering trade and sales discounts, rebates and similar schemes. Not only will this appeal to your current customers, it will also catch the attention of the users in the market that were initially unaware of your product, brand or company.Expanding distribution channels to widen your reach. Usually, this is done by looking for more distributors, retailers and dealers, making the distribution channel wider. Small businesses should also consider entering into partnerships with these major channel players, and nurturing the relationship so they will want to continue working with you. A wider and more stable distribution channel means greater chances of reaching your customers, and staking a claim on a bigger market share.Effecting improvements on the product. You can encourage more people to buy your product if you are able to improve on it s existing features, or find alternative uses for it. However, in many cases, there is usually no need to actually do any changes to the product. A change in packaging and an assertion in advertising about the “new and improved” product is often enough to attract the attention of customers.Zeroing in on the competition’s customers and distribution channels. Naturally, if small businesses can win over the customers of their competitors to their side, they will gain a larger market share, and make their rival’s smaller. It’s striking two birds with one stone. In this strategy, the efforts are focused specifically on the customers of the competitors. But it also extends to the dealers, retailers and distributors currently working with the competitor. If you can offer them a deal better than what they are currently getting from their partnership with the competitor, they may consider jumping ship.It is important to note that, in market penetration, the size of the target marke t is fixed or unchanged. This is markedly different when the strategy used is Market Development. MARKET DEVELOPMENTGrowth can be achieved even without a change in the size of the market, and that is demonstrated by the Market Penetration strategy. However, businesses can also grow when they seek to expand their market, and that is Market Development.Market development, also referred to as “market expansion”, is another popular growth strategy that is applicable to small businesses, especially those that are having problems finding solid footing in the current market they are in. Faced with too many and too stiff competition, small businesses will be hard-pressed to look elsewhere for “greener pastures”.There is also the possibility that a product reassessment reveals new usage for the product, which will take it beyond the current market. For example, a product initially developed for health and wellness purposes is discovered to be effective as a skin care product as well. This means that the producer of the product will no longer be limited to the health-conscious market, but it can also branch out into a new market, which is for beauty products.In this scenario, there is no new product, but there is a new market, and it in this new market that the business will be able to gain more market share, more sales, and definitely more profits. The potential market is expanded either through identification of new users or new uses for the product.This is often seen in how businesses undertake expansion to new geographical markets, such as other states, regions, countries or continents. Possibly, the most recognizable practice of this growth strategy is by adopting the franchise model, which was how Walmart, Subway and The Body Shop grew. The Body Shop, which was originally a UK brand, was able to enter other markets in more than 60 countries all over the world.Small businesses have to be careful when using this as a growth strategy, however. Since this invo lves entry to an entirely new market, market research must be conducted properly, and the business should gain more than adequate understanding of the new market and the customer base within it. What worked in the current market may not have the same results in the other market due to inherent differences in culture and other factors.USE ALTERNATIVE CHANNELSThe internet has opened up other channels for businesses to reach their customers and sell their products. In fact, this has been greatly beneficial for small businesses and entrepreneurs, since they were provided a platform where they can have a chance of competing against more established brands.Today, small businesses have the option to find their customers and sell their products to them through the following:Selling online. Businesses can set up their own websites where they can sell directly to customers, or partner with retail websites that will serves as their online storefronts. Many businesses sell their products throug h sites such as eBay, Amazon, and Etsy, to name a few.Selling through subscription programs. Small businesses formulate subscription and membership programs to find their customers and introduce their product to them.Selling through the use of mobile apps. Mobile internet is also becoming a greatly accepted mode of transacting nowadays, and more and more businesses are looking for ways to integrate this in their marketing and growth strategies.PRODUCT  EXPANSIONProduct development, or product expansion, means exactly what the phrase implies. There is no new market, but there is a new product, and that new product will be introduced to the existing market to gain a bigger market share.This is a strategy adopted in industries with fast-paced technological developments. The electronics or mobile industry is one. Manufacturers of mobile phones are prolific in churning out new and updated models of their products to the market in order to keep up with the changes and improvements in tech nology. Small businesses also see this strategy as a viable one in most of their circumstances.What small businesses can do when using the product expansion growth strategy are:Expanding product line by developing and introducing new productsAdding new features to existing productsUpdating features of products when the old ones become obsoleteIn order to successfully implement this strategy, the small business must be capable of quick response to market changes that call for changes in the product. This will not work if the business is unable to think up of solutions fast because, by the time they are able to come up with a solution to cope with a change in the market, another change would have already cropped up.DIVERSIFICATIONSmall businesses also use diversification, where they will sell new products to new markets.This is a high risk, high return strategy, since it is basically akin to starting from scratch, as if the small business is starting anew. As a matter of fact, this po ses the highest risk for businesses, big or small. This risk arises from the fact that diversification will require substantial investment of resources: time, money, manpower and other assets. After all, it involves going through the motions of starting a new business, in the sense that it has to conduct marketing research in that new market, with respect to the new product.In the context of growth strategies, there are two types of diversification.1. Conglomerate diversificationWhen the small business suffers from limited opportunities in its current line of business or product line, it may choose to diversify into areas that are not related, or are so far removed, from its current operations. For example, a manufacturer of children’s apparel may not be satisfied with the current results of operations. Therefore, it decided to diversify by acquiring a small catering business. These two are completely unrelated, but the diversification is able to increase the profitability of the company and, consequently, its growth rate.2. Concentric diversificationThis time, the small business diversifies by adding products related to its current products, or adding markets related to its current market. Since there is a certain degree of parallelism, this strategy is more synergistic than conglomerate diversification. Picking up from the previous example, the manufacturer of children’s apparel can use concentric diversification if it buys into another company that formulates healthy food for children aged 8 years and below. These have related markets, with parents and children as the target customer. If, instead of children’s food, the company goes into manufacture of footwear for children, then this is concentric diversification using related products.Many identify diversification mostly as a marketing strategy, but from the point of view of management, it is a very effective business growth strategy when done right, despite the high risk involved.ACQUISITIONS (AND MERGERS)MA, or “mergers and acquisitions”, deals with the purchase of one company by another, and/or the consolidation, combination or joining of two companies. The role it plays in corporate restructuring puts it high on the list of growth strategies for businesses.Acquisition is primarily considered as a big-business growth strategy, since it is the big businesses that have the resources to acquire other companies. Generally, small businesses are seen to have a difficult time making acquisitions, considering the large amount that will be required to cover the purchase price. Even if the small business is able to raise the amount and cover the purchase price, the risk that it will eventually turn out to be a bad purchase decision is much too big for a small business to handle.However, it would be wrong to completely rule out acquisition as a growth strategy just because you are a small company. If the acquisition turns out to be a very good decision, then you can profit greatly from it.How can a business achieve growth through acquisitions? Let us count the ways.Acquisition helps the small business in securing a larger market share and more revenue.Acquisition enables a small business to establish a dominant position in the market, made possible by market consolidation.Acquisition empowers smaller companies to break geographical and even political boundaries, and bring their operations to the world.The strategy of achieving growth through acquisitions and mergers is definitely not for everyone or, more precisely, not for all small businesses. Indeed, it is the cash-rich small businesses, or those with “extra” unutilized resources that are likely to use this growth strategy.Small businesses may choose to exercise any of the three acquisition categories:Upstream acquisition: A small business will seek to have a merger with a bigger company in the same industry or field, and they will operate or function as one entity. The goal of this type of merger is to consolidate the market forces of the two companies and secure their employees. It is also seen as an excellent way to ensure higher investments. In a report by the Boston Consulting Group on acquisitive companies, they might not have recorded spectacular profits, but the acquisitions created value, and this was favorably looked at by investors, resulting to higher investments as well as shareholder dividends.Downstream acquisition: This applies if the small business acquires another business, usually in a straightforward purchase transaction of the smaller business or of its ownership shares. The acquisition will result in the acquiring company being the surviving company, and the one in control of the smaller business, which will now lose its identity once assimilated into the acquiring company. The goal of this acquisition type is the expansion of the business and its operations. The key here is to choose your acquisitions wisely. Prudence and common sense dictate that you shou ld buy only the companies that you can afford.Lateral acquisition: This acquisition type can be seen between two businesses of roughly the same size joining together for the purpose of consolidating or pooling their resources. This will result in an entirely new business entity that is considerably bigger than either of them when they were still operating separately.MARKET SEGMENTATIONThis is another big business growth strategy that may also be adapted by small businesses, especially those that find themselves in an industry and market dominated by larger companies.Small businesses are bound to have a hard time going up against the big boys, even when they are on the same playing field. So how can the small business hope to grow? Why, by taking a look at that playing field and identify the corners where they can stake their claim. That will be their segment, and that is where they will focus all their business efforts and growth strategies.In market segmentation, the small business would have to undergo the process of dividing the market into segments, with each segment characterized by distinct groups of customers with their own needs and preferences. Once the pie has been divvied up, it is time to identify which slice of the pie seems to be the most receptive to the strategies of the business.Segmentation is performed using the usual bases that were utilized by the business when drawing up its marketing plan: demography, geography, market and customer behavior, and even the psychographic profiles of the market.The major stumbling block that small businesses often encounter when applying market segmentation as a growth strategy is in conducting the necessary market research for segmentation purposes. These researches can be very costly, and should not be a problem for big businesses. Small businesses, however, do not have the same luxury.Therefore, instead of investing in an expensive market research, small businesses can be more creative when it comes to ga thering data for market segmentation. These sources came highly recommended:Informal cluster analysis conducted by the businessStudying marketing programs of competitorsConducting informal research with targeted respondents/customersCommunicating with key industry players, such as buyers, distributors and analystsSecondary researches and data resourcesData from basic research publicationsData from trade and association publicationsData from industrial experts and authoritiesData from independent and external measurement service providers and agenciesOnce the segments have been identified, the small business should now look into each segment and find any unsatisfied wants or needs. It will then find ways to fill that gap that is not met by the competitors.LEVERAGING PARTNERSHIPSHave you heard of the Renault-Nissan Alliance, which was forged to increase economies of scale for both brands? This strategic partnership between France’s Renault and Japan’s Nissan had substantial terms and conditions. One of them involves how Nissan generated increased sales in its units sold in Europe, which were manufactured with engines built by Renault.This is a prime example of how these big companies were able to leverage partnerships as a growth strategy.In the more modest setting where the small business exists, leveraging partnerships is also a viable growth strategy. We have made mention earlier of how small businesses can enter into partnerships with its distributors and dealers. They can actually look further, into other partnership prospects.If you are in the manufacturing business, consider entering into a partnership with the supplier of the raw materials you are using. If you have an excellent technology but you do not have a warehouse, look for someone with warehousing capabilities to share but are also in need of the benefits that your technology can provide.Briefly, some of the possible strategic alliances that businesses can leverage for growth include:Shared d istribution. Two businesses acts as distributors or dealers of the other in their respective markets.Technology transfer. Two businesses collaborate in development of new technologies.Cross-manufacturing. Two businesses make use of the same manufacturing line for their processes. An example is how Ford and Mazda use the same manufacturing and assembly line in their automobile manufacturing operations.Small business can benefit greatly from these partnerships. Aside from the stability of knowing that there are parties or entities that will have your back, the partnership may also help you cut down on costs, increase efficiencies and, ultimately, help your business grow.Of course, small businesses are not going to have it easy, unlike the big businesses who have more than enough resources to be able to pay for these partnerships immediately. Since small businesses are usually not as equipped, they’d have to rely on their negotiation skills to convince other companies to partner with them.

Friday, May 22, 2020

The Leader Of Pop Art - 1767 Words

Childhood The leader of Pop Art, Andrew Warhola, was born on August 6th, 1928. His parents Ondrej and Ulja Warhola were both Czechoslovakian immigrants, before giving birth, they moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ondrej and Ulja had two elder sons named John and Paul. During his adolescence years, a plethora of different health disorders had affected Andrew, such as; Sydenham’s chorea and Scarlet fever. Andrew constantly received treatment which caused him to develop a fear towards hospitals. As he had poor health conditions, Andrew missed school and became an introvert confining himself to the solitude of his room; listening to the radio, collecting pictures, and becoming obsessed with celebrities. These activities initiated him to†¦show more content†¦During this time Andrew became sick again and no longer attended his classes. In 1934, he attended school regularly, his teacher Miss Catherine Metz described him as a delicate boy, notably shy, and liked to draw. In the summ er of 1942, Andrew began taking classes at Schenley High and lost his father, Andrew became devastated and did not appear at his father’s funeral. Soon after, he decided to alter his first name to Andy before graduating school in 1949. Upon graduating the Carnegie Institute of Technology, he received a Bachelor degree in Fine Arts, therefore; moved to Manhattan looking for work and resided in several different apartments. In one of the apartments he lived in he had met Tina Fredericks, she edited the art for Glamour magazine. In 1949, he had an assignment to draw shoes for the magazine. Glamour magazine misprinted his last name to Warhol. That mistake made him decide to revise his surname, which became famous after a short period of time. Career In 1952, the Hugo Gallery featured Andy’s exhibit. Obsessed with Truman Capote’s writing at the time, Andy dedicated his exhibit to Truman’s writings. While still working for Glamour, Seventeen, and Vouge as a commercial artist, Charles Lisanby; who maintained a valuable friendship with Andy, they vacationed around the world for two months. A couple years after he made his

Friday, May 8, 2020

Gender Inequality And The Workplace - 1630 Words

INTRODUCTION While over time women have seen gains in educational attainment, labor force participation, and individual economic well-being, there still exists substantial differences in economic and material hardship between women and men[1] (Baunach, 2002; Isaac, Kaatz, Carnes, 2012; Levy Temin, 2007). There is substantial research on the role of sex segregation in the workforce, the gender wage gap, the glass ceiling and the differences in median earnings for men and women (England, 2010; England Folbre, 2003). Gender inequities and the economic experiences of women and men continue to be present in the life course as individuals enter senior age (Sullivan Meschede, 2016). Senior women are more likely to live in poverty than†¦show more content†¦What is unknown is whether the gender differences in food security and food security coping strategies continued as Americans age, in the same way gendered differences in the labor market and economic well-being continue into senior age. There is limited literature on senior food insecurity and an even smaller body of literature on the relationship to gender and senior food insecurity. There has been a steady growth in food insecurity among seniors. From 2003 to 2013 the rate of seniors experiencing the threat of hunger (marginally food insecure) has nearly doubled. In 2013, nearly half of those 65 and older who lived below the poverty rate faced the threat of hunger (AbuSabha et al., 2011; Ziliak Gundersen, 2014). Food insecurity among seniors will continue to grow, as the senior population becomes more diverse, there is an increase in the numbers of individuals who have higher risks of food insecurity, including racial and ethnic minorities (Ortman Velkoff, 2014; Ziliak Gundersen, 2013, 2014). The senior population continues to grow in sheer numbers and will become part of a larger proportion in the United States, thus it is important to better understand differences in senior subpopulations. This paper is exploratory in nature and will answer two researchShow MoreRelatedWorkplace Inequality And Gender Inequality1678 Words   |  7 PagesWorkplace Inequality Brittany N. Shipley Central Penn College Abstract As you are reading you will be informed of the many factors that can contribute to workplace inequality. Three factors associated with workplace would include (1) the individuals gender can determine compensation (2) the race or ethnicity of an individual (3) the age of the individuals. All such factors contribute to the issues of workplace inequality, not only in gender but race and age as well. Keywords: Compensation, jobRead MoreGender Inequality Of The Workplace1255 Words   |  6 Pages Fact or Fiction: Gender Inequality in the Workplace Will respect resolve the gender inequality issue in the workplace? While there s always going to be a person who craves more money because greed is a major factor in why respect is in decline in the workplace. 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In the workplace Income disparities linked to job stratification Wage discrimination exists when workers are equally qualified and perform the same work butRead MoreGender Inequality During The Workplace1609 Words   |  7 PagesGender Inequality in the Workplace Times have changed; western women have more influence in the workplace than ever before in history. Today women make up 19% of Congress, almost double the share from 20 years ago. Five percent of women are now serving as CEOs of Fortune 500 companies (Pew Research â€Å"Women in Leadership). Approximately 65 percent of women work in high paying careers, triple that of 40 years ago. The gender gap in salary is also less than it was decades ago. In spite of these advances

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

A Lesson Before Dying English Literature Essay Free Essays

Wheaˆâ€ ¹naˆâ€ ¹ It aˆâ€ ¹was aˆâ€ ¹quiet once more, Bear, Grope, and aˆâ€ ¹Brother were all dowaˆâ€ ¹n on the floor, and merely aˆâ€ ¹Jefferson was standing. He aˆâ€ ¹wanted to run, butaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹he couldnt tally. aˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹He couldaˆâ€ ¹ntaˆâ€ ¹ even thaˆâ€ ¹ink. We will write a custom essay sample on A Lesson Before Dying English Literature Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now He couldnt aˆâ€ ¹rememberaˆâ€ ¹ aaˆâ€ ¹ thing he had done all twenty-four hours. The Writer does n’t stating us straight whether Jefferson is guilty or guiltless. Alternatively, he provides the prosecuting officer ‘s and the defence lawyer ‘s versions of the narrative. This creates uncertainties about Jefferson ‘s artlessness. This pick makes it easier to see the subject that we seldom know without uncertainty whether person is guiltless or guilty, but alternatively must trust on evideaˆâ€ ¹nce. Subject Gaines page 5 â€Å" Old aˆâ€ ¹Grope got aˆâ€ ¹the bottle out ofaˆâ€ ¹ the shaˆâ€ ¹elf, but aˆâ€ ¹he did non saˆâ€ ¹et it on the counter. He could see the boaˆâ€ ¹yaˆâ€ ¹s had been drinkiaˆâ€ ¹ng. † â€Å" Bear had baˆâ€ ¹een drinkaˆâ€ ¹ing, aaˆâ€ ¹nd his eyes were calendered, he walkaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹ed falteringly, grinniaˆâ€ ¹ng all taˆâ€ ¹he taˆâ€ ¹ime as he continued around the aˆâ€ ¹counter. â€Å" Go back, † aˆâ€ ¹ Grope told hiaˆâ€ ¹m. † Anaˆâ€ ¹d â€Å" He did n’t cognize what to make. He waaˆâ€ ¹s standing by the spirits aˆâ€ ¹shelf, and saˆâ€ ¹uddaˆâ€ ¹enly realiaˆâ€ ¹zed he needaˆâ€ ¹ed aˆâ€ ¹a drink and neaˆâ€ ¹eded it badaˆâ€ ¹ly. † Jefferson ‘s friends were drunk. It affected their consciousness to their state of affairs which would hold been easy to forestall. Alcohol is clearly has an impact on the black community. Jefferson is unable to construct a solid defence because he was intoxicated and can non retrieve the twenty-four hours of the slaying. Grant is unable to halt contending Griffin because he is intoxicated, and he evades holding a serious conversation with Vivian by imbibing. Alcohol is a subject, most of the imbibing is done to get away world. Subject Page 5 â€Å" A caˆâ€ ¹ornered aˆâ€ ¹animal aˆâ€ ¹likesaˆâ€ ¹ to strikeaˆâ€ ¹ rapidly outaˆâ€ ¹ of fright, a traitaˆâ€ ¹ inheraˆâ€ ¹ited fromaˆâ€ ¹ his ascendants in aˆâ€ ¹the deepest jungle of blackesaˆâ€ ¹t Aaˆâ€ ¹frica-yes, yes, that he can do- but to planaˆâ€ ¹ ? aˆâ€ ¹ To Plan, genaˆâ€ ¹tlemen of theaˆâ€ ¹ jury? aˆâ€ ¹No, aˆâ€ ¹gentlemen, this skull holaˆâ€ ¹ds no aˆâ€ ¹plans. Whaaˆâ€ ¹t you see here is a thingaˆâ€ ¹ that acts aˆâ€ ¹oaˆâ€ ¹n commaˆâ€ ¹and. † Jefferson defense mechanism lawyer provinces that Jefferson could non hold murdered Alcee Grope , because he is excessively stupid. The comparing of a human to an animate being here is agencies by which white people dehumanise black people. Racism is a large subject in the novel it affects how the characters act and how they are treated. This subject affects the whole narrative. Subject Jefferson ‘s defence lawyer, 8 â€Å" I ‘m aˆâ€ ¹the instructor, aˆâ€ ¹ † I said. â€Å" And I taˆâ€ ¹eaaˆâ€ ¹ch what thaˆâ€ ¹e white folks aaˆâ€ ¹round heraˆâ€ ¹e state me to teach-reading, writinaˆâ€ ¹g, aˆâ€ ¹and ‘rithmetic. They ne’er told me hoaˆâ€ ¹w toaˆâ€ ¹ maintain a blacaˆâ€ ¹k male child out of aˆâ€ ¹a liquoraˆâ€ ¹ saˆâ€ ¹tore. † Grant is speaking to his aunt and is being loath to her petition of learning Jefferson. This transition reveals why Grant is hesitating to learn Jefferson. Even though Grant has a high degree of academic accomplishment, he feels unsuitable because his is ain instruction has been based on get the hanging the instructions of white America. Grant knows that he would be assisting to distribute its instructions. Word picture Grant, 13 â€Å" Theaˆâ€ ¹re waˆâ€ ¹as ever intelligence comiaˆâ€ ¹ng back to aˆâ€ ¹theaˆâ€ ¹ quarteaˆâ€ ¹r abouaˆâ€ ¹t person aˆâ€ ¹who haˆâ€ ¹aaˆâ€ ¹d been killeaˆâ€ ¹d or sent aˆâ€ ¹to prison for killing somaˆâ€ ¹eone else: Snowbaˆâ€ ¹all, stabbed to decease at a cabaret in Portaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹Allen ; Claudee, killed by a adult female in New Orlaˆâ€ ¹eans ; Smitty, sent to the saˆâ€ ¹tate peaˆâ€ ¹nitentiary at Angolaˆâ€ ¹a for manslaughaˆâ€ ¹ter. And there weraˆâ€ ¹e others who didaˆâ€ ¹ non travel anyaˆâ€ ¹where but merely dieaˆâ€ ¹d sloaˆâ€ ¹wer. † Sing his pupils chop wood reminded him of himself and former schoolmates. He reflects on the destinies of his schoolmates, who all died immature age. He is remembers his former instructor Matthew Antoine ‘s stating most of his pupils would decease immature despite his best attempts. Grant ‘s schoolmates that stayed in in deep South are unable to populate life to its fuaˆâ€ ¹llest because of legal and economic barriers embedded in racism. This point to a powerful combination of poorness and racial subjugation that African Americans faced in the 40 ‘s Puting Grant, 62 â€Å" I can’aˆâ€ ¹taˆâ€ ¹ state you anything about liaˆâ€ ¹fe, † he aˆâ€ ¹said â€Å" Whaaˆâ€ ¹t do I know about lifeaˆâ€ ¹ ? I stayed here. Yoaˆâ€ ¹u haveaˆâ€ ¹ to travel off to cognize about life. aˆâ€ ¹ There ‘s aˆâ€ ¹no life here. Thaˆâ€ ¹ere’saˆâ€ ¹ nil but ignoaˆâ€ ¹rance here.aˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹You want aˆâ€ ¹to know about life? Well, aˆâ€ ¹it ‘s tooaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹late. Forgaˆâ€ ¹et itaˆâ€ ¹ . Just gaˆâ€ ¹o on and beaˆâ€ ¹ the niggaˆâ€ ¹er you were born to be, aˆâ€ ¹but forget about aˆâ€ ¹life. † aˆâ€ ¹ Grant is speaking to his former instructor. There are similarities between his statement that â€Å" theraˆâ€ ¹e ‘s no liaˆâ€ ¹fe † in Baaˆâ€ ¹yonne and Grant ‘s observation on how his schoolmates are deceasing easy by populating hapless. Both believe that the chance to populate life to its fullest is an of import constituent of human self-respect. This explains why Grant is loath to learn Jefferson ; he believes that self-respect is unachievable without chance since Jefferson is on decease row. Word picture Matthew Antoine 65 â€Å" Anythingaˆâ€ ¹ Iaˆâ€ ¹ ought to taˆâ€ ¹ake toaˆâ€ ¹ him? † Graaˆâ€ ¹nt, â€Å" Food, I suppose. aˆâ€ ¹Maaˆâ€ ¹ybeaˆâ€ ¹ someaˆâ€ ¹ clean apparels. aˆâ€ ¹ I caaˆâ€ ¹ n’t thaˆâ€ ¹ink of anything else. † â€Å" I was believing more aboaˆâ€ ¹ut the bible, † Revaˆâ€ ¹erend Aaˆâ€ ¹mbrose Reverend Ambrose asks Grant what he should convey when sing Jefferson. Grant ‘s conversation shows Grant ‘s beliefs about self-respect. He suggests comfortss ; clean apparels and nutrient. While the Reverend believes that Bible are more of import to assisting the doomed inmate. It is non until the terminal that he is able to admit the importance of faith. Conflict Grant, 101 I rubbaˆâ€ ¹ed my aˆâ€ ¹fistaˆâ€ ¹ withaˆâ€ ¹ my left manus, and aˆâ€ ¹graduaˆâ€ ¹ally begaˆâ€ ¹an aˆâ€ ¹to relax. aˆâ€ ¹ â€Å" That laˆâ€ ¹ady yaˆâ€ ¹ou radius of, aˆâ€ ¹boy caaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹res a batch aˆâ€ ¹about you, † I said toaˆâ€ ¹ him. aˆâ€ ¹ â€Å" She ‘s waitingaˆâ€ ¹ at that scaˆâ€ ¹hool right nowaˆâ€ ¹ foaˆâ€ ¹r me to convey aˆâ€ ¹her intelligence abouaˆâ€ ¹t a turn you. That ‘s aaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹lady yoaˆâ€ ¹u radius of, boy. That ‘s a lady. Becaˆâ€ ¹ause it ‘s she who keaˆâ€ ¹eps me coming aˆâ€ ¹here. Not aˆâ€ ¹your nannan, non aˆâ€ ¹my aˆâ€ ¹ant. Vivian. If I didn’taˆâ€ ¹ have Viviaaˆâ€ ¹n, I wouldn’taˆâ€ ¹ be inaˆâ€ ¹ this aˆâ€ ¹damn holeaˆâ€ ¹ . † After Jefferson insults Grant ‘s girlfriend Vivian, Grant tells Jefferson that he continues to see the Jefferson in prison non because he feels obliged to his aunt or Miss Emma, but because Vivian encouraged him to. Love has great influence. Vivian ‘s love transforms Grant with simple suggestion. Allow became more dedicated to his occupation and held a Christmas pageant for the kids, something he usually would n’t make. Jefferson easy opened up to Grand because he showed Jefferson kindness and love. Power of love to transform people is a subject in this book. Subject Grant 130 He jusaˆâ€ ¹t sat aˆâ€ ¹there aˆâ€ ¹looking at me. ‘aˆâ€ ¹Go on and shriek, Jefferson. aˆâ€ ¹Go oaˆâ€ ¹n and aˆâ€ ¹scream foraˆâ€ ¹ Guidry, aˆâ€ ¹if that’saˆâ€ ¹ what aˆâ€ ¹you want. ‘ Weaˆâ€ ¹ looaˆâ€ ¹ked at each other, and I could see iaˆâ€ ¹n those large reddened aˆâ€ ¹eyes thaaˆâ€ ¹t he was non traveling to shout. He was full of aaˆâ€ ¹nger – and who coulaˆâ€ ¹d fault him? – But he aˆâ€ ¹was no sap. He needed me, and aˆâ€ ¹he waaˆâ€ ¹nted meaˆâ€ ¹ hereaˆâ€ ¹ , if merely to aˆâ€ ¹insult me. † Jefferson feels self-pity, and he wants everyone else to experience his commiseration. As Grant is seeking to hold a meaningful conversation, Jefferson is n’t being concerted. Having ne’er experience much kindness in his life, he finds it difficult to swear Grant and abuses Grant to maintain distance. Jefferson threatens to shout but Grant knew he was n’t traveling. In the terminal, he decides that he wants Allow around to aim his hatred and choler towards. Word picture Page 130 â€Å" Easteaˆâ€ ¹r was when they nailed Him to taˆâ€ ¹he crosaˆâ€ ¹s. And He nevaˆâ€ ¹er said a mumblingaˆâ€ ¹ word. † Grant and Jefferson are speaking about Christmas, and Jefferson refers to Christ. The transition sets up the word picture of Jefferson as a Christ figure. Like Jesus, Jefferson ‘s religious purification concludes in his executing. Death is portion of the immature Jefferson ‘s development into a symbol of innoceaˆâ€ ¹nce and moral pureness. Symbol Jefferson, 139 â€Å" Hoaˆâ€ ¹w do people come up with aaˆâ€ ¹ day of the month aaˆâ€ ¹nd clip aˆâ€ ¹to take lifeaˆâ€ ¹ from anotheaˆâ€ ¹r adult male? Who madaˆâ€ ¹e them Godaˆâ€ ¹ ? † â€Å" Tweaˆâ€ ¹lve white work forces aˆâ€ ¹say a black adult male a must dieaˆâ€ ¹ , and anotheraˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹white maˆâ€ ¹anaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹sets taˆâ€ ¹he dateaˆâ€ ¹ and clip witaˆâ€ ¹hout confer withing one blaˆâ€ ¹ack individual. aˆâ€ ¹ Jusaˆâ€ ¹tice? † Grant ‘s relationship with Jefferson has changed his attitude toward capaˆâ€ ¹ital penalty. In the beginning of the narrative Grand was uninterested when watching Jefferson ‘s test. But now, nevertheless, he is disturbed when hearing that a day of the month has been set for Jefferson ‘s decease, believing that no 1 has the right to kill another. He finds it upsetting that white people can make up one’s mind the destiny of black people. Fictional character Grant, 157 â€Å" It wasaˆâ€ ¹ theaˆâ€ ¹ kindaˆâ€ ¹ of aˆâ€ ¹ ‘here ‘ youraˆâ€ ¹ maˆâ€ ¹otheraˆâ€ ¹ or your aˆâ€ ¹big sisteraˆâ€ ¹ or aˆâ€ ¹your aˆâ€ ¹graˆâ€ ¹eat-aunt aˆâ€ ¹or your gaˆâ€ ¹randmother would hold said. aˆâ€ ¹ It was theaˆâ€ ¹ kaˆâ€ ¹ind of ‘here ‘ taˆâ€ ¹hat asked the inquiry, aˆâ€ ¹ When will allaˆâ€ ¹ this terminal? When will aˆâ€ ¹a adult male non haveaˆâ€ ¹ to fight toaˆâ€ ¹ have aˆâ€ ¹money to aˆâ€ ¹get what haˆâ€ ¹e needs ‘here ‘ ? When willaˆâ€ ¹ a adult male be able to laˆâ€ ¹ive withouaˆâ€ ¹t haviaˆâ€ ¹ng to killaˆâ€ ¹ another adult male aˆâ€ ¹ ‘heraˆâ€ ¹e ‘ ? † Grant is inquiring for so he can purchase a wireless for Jefferson. Grant believes that black work forces struggle financially and kill other work forces, particularly in the Deep South. Men suffer more because of racism, and adult females pointlessly try to minimise it. This transition besides shows Grant as holding a sexist position. Word picture Grant, 174 â€Å" Jefferaˆâ€ ¹son, † aˆâ€ ¹ I said eventually, I want to be your friend I want you aˆâ€ ¹to inquire aˆâ€ ¹me quaˆâ€ ¹estions I want you to saaˆâ€ ¹y anything that comes to your aˆâ€ ¹mind, anytaˆâ€ ¹hing you want to aˆâ€ ¹say to me. I do n’t caaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹re what I tis say it. I ‘ll maintain it to myseaˆâ€ ¹lf if you wantaˆâ€ ¹ I ‘ll speak about itaˆâ€ ¹ toaˆâ€ ¹ other peoaˆâ€ ¹ple if you want. aˆâ€ ¹ Will you do that for me? â€Å" aˆâ€ ¹He nodded his heaaˆâ€ ¹d. After giving Jefferson a wireless his attitude started to alter ; he became easier to near. Jefferson was able to reconnection with the outside universe. When sentences to imprison he was filled with choler and hatred, but that hatred started to off because the wireless was the most expensive gift he had of all time received. With this Grant to additions Jefferson ‘s trust. Word picture Grant 185 I aˆâ€ ¹teach becauseaˆâ€ ¹ it is theaˆâ€ ¹ merely thinaˆâ€ ¹g aˆâ€ ¹an aˆâ€ ¹educatedaˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹blackaˆâ€ ¹ adult male can make aˆâ€ ¹in theaˆâ€ ¹ Southaˆâ€ ¹ today. I don’taˆâ€ ¹ like it ; I hate it. aˆâ€ ¹ aˆâ€ ¹I do n’t likeaˆâ€ ¹ populating here Iaˆâ€ ¹ waaˆâ€ ¹nt to run aaˆâ€ ¹way. â€Å" Thataˆâ€ ¹ is non aˆâ€ ¹a heaˆâ€ ¹ro. A hero does foaˆâ€ ¹r others. He would make aˆâ€ ¹anaˆâ€ ¹ything for peopleaˆâ€ ¹ he loves, because aˆâ€ ¹he knows aˆâ€ ¹it aˆâ€ ¹would do theaˆâ€ ¹ir livesaˆâ€ ¹ better. aˆâ€ ¹I am non aˆâ€ ¹that sort oaˆâ€ ¹f persoaˆâ€ ¹n, but aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹I want you toaˆâ€ ¹ be. You could aˆâ€ ¹give somethingaˆâ€ ¹ to her, to me, to those kids in theaˆâ€ ¹ qaˆâ€ ¹ua rter. You caˆâ€ ¹ould giveaˆâ€ ¹ something I neveaˆâ€ ¹r could†¦ The waˆâ€ ¹hite peopleaˆâ€ ¹ out there are stating you do n’t haaˆâ€ ¹ve it-aˆâ€ ¹that you’aˆâ€ ¹re a aˆâ€ ¹hog, aˆâ€ ¹ non a adult male. Buaˆâ€ ¹t aˆâ€ ¹I know aˆâ€ ¹they areaˆâ€ ¹ wroaˆâ€ ¹ng. † Grant is speaking to Jefferson about the potency he sees in him. Allow understands now even with Jefferson ‘s deficiency of instruction, he can excel him by confronting his destiny with bravery and self-respect. Grant knows he can non expose the same bravery because he us excessively selfish.It is merely one time Grant has realized this, that he can truly believe in Jefferson ‘s possible to be a hero. By exposing bravery, and love for others he can turn out white people incorrect. Removing the justification for holding slaves and suppressing black people. Fictional character Grant, 191 You aˆâ€ ¹think aˆâ€ ¹you educated? † â€Å" I went to college † â€Å" Toaˆâ€ ¹ Teach reading, authorship, and, arithmetaˆâ€ ¹ic, Reverend. † â€Å" Whaaˆâ€ ¹t did you learnaˆâ€ ¹ about your ain peoaˆâ€ ¹ple? Whaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹at did you laˆâ€ ¹earn her – heraˆâ€ ¹ ’round at that place? † aˆâ€ ¹I did n’t answeraˆâ€ ¹ him. â€Å" No, aˆâ€ ¹you notaˆâ€ ¹ educated, boy, † he aˆâ€ ¹said, saˆâ€ ¹haking his aˆâ€ ¹head. â€Å" You faaˆâ€ ¹r from being educated. You learned your reading, aˆâ€ ¹writing, aaˆâ€ ¹nd ‘rithmetic, but youaˆâ€ ¹ do n’t aˆâ€ ¹know aˆâ€ ¹nothing. Yoaˆâ€ ¹u do n’t even cognize yourselaˆâ€ ¹f. Well? † â€Å" You’aˆâ€ ¹re doiaˆâ€ ¹ng the speaking, Reverend. † aˆâ€ ¹ â€Å" And ed ucateaˆâ€ ¹d, male child, † aˆâ€ ¹he said, beating his thorax. â€Å" I ‘m the 1 that ‘s eduaˆâ€ ¹cated. I know people like you look down aˆâ€ ¹on people likeaˆâ€ ¹ me, but † – he toucheaˆâ€ ¹d his thorax once more – â€Å" I ‘m the 1 that ‘s educated. † A She beenaˆâ€ ¹ lying every twenty-four hours of her aˆâ€ ¹life, youraˆâ€ ¹ aunt in there.T chapeaus how you got through that university. I ve seen her custodies bleed paˆâ€ ¹icking cotton. Reverend Ambrose is stating Grant that he is really more educated than him. Grant may hold a college grade, but the Reverend is educated through experience. He understands himself, his people and their agonies. While Grant does non. Reverend Ambrose Tells Grant what Tante Lou, Grants aunt went through to pay for his college. Besides how her articulatio genuss scarred from praying for Grant. Grant does n’t cognize about any of this. This transition reveals the Reverends idea and why he feels the Bible would be more good to Jefferson instead than comfortss. Word picture Page 215 â€Å" it look like thaˆâ€ ¹e Godhead merely work aˆâ€ ¹for wite folaˆâ€ ¹kaˆâ€ ¹s cause of all time sens one wasn nothin but a litlaˆâ€ ¹e male child I been on my on haulaˆâ€ ¹in H2O to the fiel oaˆâ€ ¹n thaˆâ€ ¹at ol H2O cart humor all them dimaˆâ€ ¹e buaˆâ€ ¹keaˆâ€ ¹ts an that dipaˆâ€ ¹per merely hittiaˆâ€ ¹n an old doaˆâ€ ¹rthy merely traˆâ€ ¹ottin and troaˆâ€ ¹ttin an aˆâ€ ¹me up theiraˆâ€ ¹ hittiaˆâ€ ¹n her humor thaˆâ€ ¹at rope†¦ † Jefferson is reading his journal to Grant. In his diary reveals sophisticated contemplations about whether God prefers white people to black people. Jefferson has gone from eschewing every out to showing his deep ideas and experiencing. In making it helped him to accomplish some self-respect before his decease. Word picture Jefferson, 227 â€Å" The miaˆâ€ ¹nister did non aˆâ€ ¹sleep at all that dark, anaˆâ€ ¹d at twenty-four hours interruption he got upaˆâ€ ¹ knelt beside his beaˆâ€ ¹d to aˆâ€ ¹say his aˆâ€ ¹prayers, so he went to the kitcaˆâ€ ¹hen the warm H2O for his bath. His married woman, aˆâ€ ¹ Mrs. Becky, came into the kitchen to repair him a bowl ofaˆâ€ ¹ Dioscorea trifida for his breakfast. aˆâ€ ¹When heaˆâ€ ¹ finished hisaˆâ€ ¹ bath, haˆâ€ ¹e sat down ataˆâ€ ¹ the tabular array to eaˆâ€ ¹at. † The Author narrates the narrative in 3rd individual, from experiences of assorted people on the twenty-four hours of Jefferson ‘s executing. Rather than from Grant ‘s position for the bulk of the book. These characters do non look elsewhere in the novel. By concentrating on characters that are disjoint from the narrative, the writer reveals that Jefferson has become a hero in the eyes of the people in the one-fourth. Fictional character Page 237 I am aˆâ€ ¹not with you this minute becaˆâ€ ¹ause- becaaˆâ€ ¹useaˆâ€ ¹ I would non hold been able to standaˆâ€ ¹ . I would noaˆâ€ ¹t hold been able to walk with you aˆâ€ ¹those last aˆâ€ ¹fewaˆâ€ ¹ stairss. I would hold embarrassed aˆâ€ ¹you. Baˆâ€ ¹ut the old maaˆâ€ ¹n will non. Heaˆâ€ ¹ will be staˆâ€ ¹rong. Grant expresses sorrow and shame that he was unable to walk with Jefferson to the electric chair, acknowledging that Reverend Ambrose is really braver than him. By non depicting the minute of executing The Author places the reader in the same place as Grant, unable to accomplish the closing that would come with straight witnessing the executing. This deficiency of closing suggests that Jefferson ‘s household and Grant will ne’er to the full heal from the experience. Word picture Grant,249 I waˆâ€ ¹anted to travel I wanted to travel to- God, whaˆâ€ ¹at does a personaˆâ€ ¹ bash who knowsaˆâ€ ¹ there is onlaˆâ€ ¹y oneaˆâ€ ¹ hr to laˆâ€ ¹ive? And â€Å" He is withaˆâ€ ¹ Reverend Ambrose, beaˆâ€ ¹cause Revaˆâ€ ¹erend Ambraˆâ€ ¹ose believes. aˆâ€ ¹ Do you aˆâ€ ¹believe, Jefferson? aˆâ€ ¹ Is he aˆâ€ ¹with you Jefferson? aˆâ€ ¹ Have I done aˆâ€ ¹anythinaˆâ€ ¹gaˆâ€ ¹ to makeaˆâ€ ¹ you non beliaˆâ€ ¹eve? aˆâ€ ¹If I have paˆâ€ ¹lease forgive me for aˆâ€ ¹being a foaˆâ€ ¹ol. Grant ‘s credence of faith at the terminal shows he understands its importance in people ‘s lives. Grant ‘s struggle with Reverend Ambrose was due to his obstinacy. By admiting that he may be incorrect that Grant is able resolutenesss the issue of faith with the Reverend. By seeing faith ‘s importance in for others he shows consideration and empathy, which were the aˆâ€ ¹qualities that he tried to learn Jefferson. Fictional character Grant, 249 â€Å" Donaˆâ€ ¹Ã¢â‚¬â„¢t tellaˆâ€ ¹ me to beaˆâ€ ¹lieve. Don’taˆâ€ ¹ tell me aˆâ€ ¹to belieaˆâ€ ¹ve in the aˆâ€ ¹same Godaˆâ€ ¹ or Torahs taˆâ€ ¹hat menaˆâ€ ¹ believe in aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹who commiaˆâ€ ¹t these aˆâ€ ¹murdeaˆâ€ ¹rs. Don’taˆâ€ ¹ state me to baˆâ€ ¹elieve that aˆâ€ ¹God canaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹ bless this state aˆâ€ ¹and that work forces aˆâ€ ¹are judgedaˆâ€ ¹ by their peaˆâ€ ¹ersaˆâ€ ¹ . Who amongaˆâ€ ¹ his peersaˆâ€ ¹ judged him? aˆâ€ ¹Waˆâ€ ¹as Iaˆâ€ ¹ there? Was the aˆâ€ ¹ministeraˆâ€ ¹ at that place? Was aˆâ€ ¹Haaˆâ€ ¹rry Williaaˆâ€ ¹ms there? aˆâ€ ¹Was Farrell aˆâ€ ¹Jarreau? aˆâ€ ¹ Waˆâ€ ¹as my aunt? aˆâ€ ¹Was Vivaˆâ€ ¹ian? aˆâ€ ¹No, his peaˆâ€ ¹ers did aˆâ€ ¹n ot justice himaˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹ , and I will notaˆâ€ ¹ belieaˆâ€ ¹ve. † Grant delaies outside the schoolhouse for intelligence of Jefferson ‘s executing, Grant is intelligibly angry. From what he has experienced he has concluded that there must non be a God, because God would non let unfairnesss like Jefferson ‘s executing. The people closes to Jefferson had no say. Jefferson ‘s destiny was decided below the belt by white people. With this experience begun to understand his people a better. Grant is now being educated. Fictional character Grant 251 How to cite A Lesson Before Dying English Literature Essay, Essay examples

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

Solar Cells Today Are Mostly Made Of Silicon, One Of The Most Common E

Solar cells today are mostly made of silicon, one of the most common elements on Earth. The crystalline silicon solar cell was one of the first types to be developed and it is still the most common type in use today. They do not pollute the atmosphere and they leave behind no harmful waste products. Photovoltaic cells work effectively even in cloudy weather and unlike solar heaters, are more efficient at low temperatures. They do their job silently and there are no moving parts to wear out. It is no wonder that one marvels on how such a device would function. To understand how a solar cell works, it is necessary to go back to some basic atomic concepts. In the simplest model of the atom, electrons orbit a central nucleus, composed of protons and neutrons. each electron carries one negative charge and each proton one positive charge. Neutrons carry no charge. Every atom has the same number of electrons as there are protons, so, on the whole, it is electrically neutral. The electrons have discrete kinetic energy levels, which increase with the orbital radius. When atoms bond together to form a solid, the electron energy levels merge into bands. In electrical conductors, these bands are continuous but in insulators and semiconductors there is an "energy gap", in which no electron orbits can exist, between the inner valence band and outer conduction band [Book 1]. Valence electrons help to bind together the atoms in a solid by orbiting 2 adjacent nucleii, while conduction electrons, being less closely bound to the nucleii, are free to move in response to an applied voltage or electric field. The fewer conduction electrons there are, the higher the electrical resistivity of the material. In semiconductors, the materials from which solar sells are made, the energy gap Eg is fairly small. Because of this, electrons in the valence band can easily be made to jump to the conduction band by the injection of energy, either in the form of heat or light [Book 4]. This ex plains why the high resistivity of semiconductors decreases as the temperature is raised or the material illuminated. The excitation of valence electrons to the conduction band is best accomplished when the semiconductor is in the crystalline state, i.e. when the atoms are arranged in a precise geometrical formation or "lattice". At room temperature and low illumination, pure or so-called "intrinsic" semiconductors have a high resistivity. But the resistivity can be greatly reduced by "doping", i.e. introducing a very small amount of impurity, of the order of one in a million atoms. There are 2 kinds of dopant. Those which have more valence electrons that the semiconductor itself are called "donors" and those which have fewer are termed "acceptors" [Book 2]. In a silicon crystal, each atom has 4 valence electrons, which are shared with a neighbouring atom to form a stable tetrahedral structure. Phosphorus, which has 5 valence electrons, is a donor and causes extra electrons to a ppear in the conduction band. Silicon so doped is called "n-type" [Book 5]. On the other hand, boron, with a valence of 3, is an acceptor, leaving so-called "holes" in the lattice, which act like positive charges and render the silicon "p-type"[Book 5]. The drawings in Figure 1.2 are 2-dimensional representations of n- and p-type silicon crystals, in which the atomic nucleii in the lattice are indicated by circles and the bonding valence electrons are shown as lines between the atoms. Holes, like electrons, will remove under the influence of an applied voltage but, as the mechanism of their movement is valence electron substitution from atom to atom, they are less mobile than the free conduction electrons [Book 2]. In a n-on-p crystalline silicon solar cell, a shadow junction is formed by diffusing phosphorus into a boron-based base. At the junction, conduction electrons from donor atoms in the n-region diffuse into the p-region and combine with holes in acceptor atoms, producing a layer of negatively-charged impurity atoms. The opposite action also takes place, holes from acceptor atoms in the p-region crossing into the n-region, combining with electrons and producing positively-charged impurity atoms [Book 4]. The net result of these movements is the disappearance of conduction

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Pronoun Agreement on ACT English Tips and Practice

Pronoun Agreement on ACT English Tips and Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Pronoun agreement errors are an especiallyconfusing type of ACT English question because peopleoften misuse pronouns, especially when youspeak. In fact, I just made a pronoun mistake: can you spot it? Take a closer look at the second half of my first sentence: "people often misuse pronouns, especially when youspeak." Who is "you" referring to here: "people." However, the correct pronoun for the third person plural is "they." The correct version of the sentence is "people often misuse pronouns, especially when they speak." On the ACT English section, you'll be expected to spot these kind of errors in a variety of different contexts. I'll go overboth the basic rules forpronounsand the common mistakes you'll see on the test, so that you can approach the test with confidence. This post covers the following topics: Pronouns and Antecedents Disagreement in Number Disagreement in Person Unclear Antecedents Spotting Pronoun Agreement Errors on theACT Feature image credit:Chiltepinster (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons A Pronoun Must Always Match Its Antecedent That titlemight seem confusing. What's an antecedent? And what does it mean to "match"? You can probably spot when a pronoun doesn't seem quite right, but let's break down why. What's a Pronoun? A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun- that's it! Usually we think of pronouns as words like I, him, they, or its, all of which are definitely pronouns. But so are words like everyone, which, and each. Any word that replacesa noun is a pronoun. For more detailed information on pronouns, take a look at our guide to parts of speech. What's an Antecedent? An antecedent is the noun a pronoun replaces. (You may also have heard these called referents.) Let's look at an example- the pronoun is in boldand the antecedent is underlined: Anton wanted his own piece of cake. Simple enough, right? "His" is standing in for "Anton's." Let's try a more complicated one: Even though he knew Jenny lovessweets, Anton ate boththeirpieces of cake and didn't apologize to her. There's a lot more going onin this sentence, so I've color coded the pronouns and their nouns. "Their" is purple because it's standing in for "Anton's and Jenny's." No matter how many different pronouns there are in a sentence, each one must have a clear antecedent. What Does It Mean for a Pronoun and Antecedent to Match? Again, though this concept may sound confusing, it's actually pretty intuitive. Let's revisit our example from above, with a slight tweak: Anton wanted theirown piece of cake. This sentence clearly isn't correct. That's because the pronoun "their" and the antecedent "Anton" don't agree.Antonis singular and their is plural, so the words disagree in number. It's also possiblefor a pronoun and antecedent to disagree in person: Anton wanted myown piece of cake. Antonis a proper noun and should take a 3rd person pronoun, not a 1st person pronoun like "my." As a review, the most common pronounsand their correct uses are listed below: I/me/my - first person singular, i.e. the person speaking We/us/ours - first person plural, i.e. the person speaking and others You/your - second person (singular and plural), i.e. the person (or people) being spoken to He/him/his - third person masculine, i.e. a male person or animal who isn't present She/her - third person feminine, i.e. a femaleperson or animal who isn't present It/its - third person neuter, i.e. inanimate objects They/them/their - third person plural, i.e. multiple people or things The key idea here is that pronouns must alwayshave a clear antecedent and agree with the noun that they replace. Now that we've established what that means, let's look at how these errors appear on the ACT English. Anton was a jerk foreating both pieces of cake. (Â ©jshj) Pronoun Disagreement in Number I mentioned above that plural nouns require plural pronouns and singular nouns requiresingular pronouns. Usually, that rule feels pretty obvious: it doesn't make much sense to refer to Jimas "them" or the Avengersas "it." However, we're talking about theACT, so the errors are going to be a little harder to spot. Let's go over some of the trickiest cases and how you can catch them. Distance Between Pronoun and Antecedent In a simple sentence, it's easy to spot number agreement errors: Incorrect: Clarais very protective of theirnovels. Correct:Clarais very protective of hernovels. But in the context of a more complex sentence, or an entire paragraph, these errors get much harder to spot: When Clara ran out of fantasy novels to read, she went to the library to replenish her supply. Unfortunately, they were completely out of them. At first glance, this may seem fine, but it gets a little wonky towards the end there. Let's take it apart and match each pronoun withits antecedent: she=Clara her=Clara's they = the library them = the novels Do you see the problem? The library is singular and can't be referred to as "they." As such, the sentence should read: When Clara ran out of fantasy novels to read, she went to the library to replenish her supply. Unfortunately, itwas completely out of them. When you're dealing with pronouns on the ACT, the first step is always to determinewhat itsantecedent is. This will make it much easier to figure out the correct pronoun to use. The Case of the Non-Gendered Singular Pronoun Even once you determine a pronoun'santecedent, there's still room for confusion- especially when it comes tosingular non-gendered nouns. Let's look at an example of this: Please have your child bring their crayons to school with them. Sounds fine, right? But take acloser look. "Their" is taking the place of "your child's" in this sentence, but "their" is a plural pronounand"your friend" is only one person. Using "their" seems right because we the childcould be a girl or boy and there is no singular non-gendered pronoun for people in English. However, you can't use 3rd person plural pronouns (they, their, theirs, or them) to refer to singular people of unclear gender. Instead, you need to use singular pronouns, as in the versionbelow: Please have your child bring his or hercrayons to school with him or her. Although "he," "she," and "he or she" are all equally correct, on the ACT you will always see "he or she"/"him or her"/"his or her" used to refer to non-gendered singular people. ACT English Practice Example Let's work through an official ACT question, so you can see how these concepts work in context. Let's start by finding the antecedent. So what's covered? "Most kayaks," which is plural, so we immediately know A can't be correct. The next step iseliminating distractors. Pronoun questions on the ACT can be tricky because the test writers tend to include answer choices that seem reasonable but couldn't possible work, confusing what the question is actually about. Here those choices are B and D: when used as a pronoun "one" refers to a person and "which" should come after a comma, not a period (it creates a dependent clause). This leaves onlyC, "They are," which is the rightanswer since "they" is the correct pronoun to stand in for "kayaks." Use "he or she" to replace nouns like "guitarist" that aren't gender specific. Pronoun Disagreement in Person Pronoun agreement in person is a slightly weirder concept than agreement in number, but it's usually pretty easy to spot. The basic concept is that a pronoun must reflect the typeof thing it's replacing.This factmeansthat you must use "it" to replace "the sour candy" but"she" to replace "Jennifer Lawrence." Aswith agreement in number, the first stepis always to makesure that you know what a pronoun's antecedent is and that the pronoun and antecedent agree. Beyond that basic principle, avoiding issues with agreement in person is mostly a question of consistency- if you start a sentence in the first person, you shouldn't suddenly switch to the third person without a clear reason. I was halfway home when I realized that he'd forgotten his science project. This series of events might be possible, but it doesn't make much sense. Another incorrect sentence: The plant grew so large that she no longer fit in the pot. "She" is clearly standing in for "the plant," but you can't use "she" to refer to an inanimate object. The correct pronoun would be "it." On the ACT, pronoun errors with agreement in person are usuallyrelated to consistency- if a passage is in the third person you can't inexplicably introduce the first person halfway through and vice versa. The most common such issue is with "one" and "you."Both are equally correct to refer to a non-specific individual- "you" is simplyless formal than "one"- buta passage should stick to one or the other. (Like this article does!) Let's look at how this conceptworks in a sentence: Incorrect: If one wants to be a professional sushi chef, you must train for many years to master the art of slicing the fish. Correct:If one wants to be a professional sushi chef, onemust train for many years to master the art of slicing the fish. Correct:If youwant to be a professional sushi chef, you must train for many years to master the art of slicing the fish. The incorrect sentence uses two different pronouns, while the corrected versions stick to one or the other. One of the most common mistakes students make on the ACT English is assuming that the more formal choice, in this case "one," is necessarily better. However, it's far more important to be consistent with the passage as written and to make sure pronouns match their antecedents. Let's go through an example question that deals with agreement in person: First, we find the antecedent. Who or what is hearing the songs? Elsewhere in the paragraph, it's "I." Our primary goal with agreement in person is to remain consistent, so it should be the same here- F is the correct choice. G and H might be tempting, but you shouldn't pick an answer that introduces a new pronoun without a clear antecedent.J can't be correct because it creates a sentence fragment. A disagreement between people, not a disagreement in person. (Â ©o5com) Unclear Antecedents We've covered the basic rules for ensuring that pronouns agree with their antecedents, but what do you do when a pronoun doesn'thaveanantecedent? It's important to remember that a pronoun's antecedent must be a noun and you must be able to circle it in the text. In other words, it's not enough for you to know what the pronoun is referring to, the antecedent alsohas to be obvious in the text. On the ACT English, pronouns without clear antecedents appear fairly frequently. You'll need to pick the answer that makes explicit what the pronoun is meant to refer to. Let's look at an example: In order to get the concert ticketsfrom the box office, I need to know whenthey'llbe there. Who does"they" refer to? Presumably, the people who work in the boxoffice, but the noun "employees" doesn't appear, so there's no clear antecedent. A correct version might read: In order to get the concert ticketsfrom the box office, I need to know whenthe employees willbe there. Now it's clear who I'm talking about. The pronouns this, that, these, and those, often appear in questions like this and can be especially confusing, since in casual English we often use the themwithout clear antecedents: Mario: Bowser kidnapped Peach again. Luigi: That's annoying. This construction may be fine in spoken English, but it would beabsolutely incorrect on the ACT. Thought it's clear what Luigi is reacting to, there's no actual noun in the text that is serving as an antecedent for that. This, that, and these and thosemust have clear noun antecedents, just like any other pronoun. However, it's fine for the noun to come immediately after the pronoun. A correct version of the above would be: Mario: Bowser kidnapped Peach again. Luigi: That moveis so annoying. Now its explicit what's annoying: Bowser's move of kidnapping Peach. If this, these or those are underlined, then the question is likely about this type of error. (That being underlined can mean there's an antecedent issue as well, but it's more commonly a relative pronoun question- for more on that type of error, see our post on the topic, coming soon.) Let's look at an official ACT example: As with any pronoun question, the first step here is to determine the antecedent. Since an antecedent must be a noun thatappears in the text, our options are "Banneker," "his studies," and "the paths of the Sun, Moon, and other celestial bodies." However, none of these nouns are things that can be used to predict a solar eclipse- the sentence is trying to say that he used his calculations of the paths to make the prediction. The only answer that makes that fact clear is G. Applying the Pronoun Agreement Grammar Rules on the ACT We've covered the basic rules for pronoun agreement and the types of errorsyou're likely to see on the ACT English. I've rounded up a summary of those rules and the key strategies you should practice for the test. What to watchfor: Underlined pronouns and pronoun/verb combos This, these, those underlined Rules to keep in mind: Every pronoun must have a clear noun antecedent. Pronouns and their antecedents have to match in number, gender, and person. For this, those, that, and these, the antecedent can come immediately after the pronoun. Helpful ACT English tips: Anytime a pronoun is underlined, the first step is to determine the antecedent- be sure to check the surroundingsentences as well. "He or she" is the correct pronoun for non-gendered singularnouns. Pronoun person generally stays consistent throughout a passage. Replace antecedent-less pronouns with nouns. Test Your Skills with ACT English Practice Questions! You can study the rules all you want, but doing sowon't help you on the ACT unless you practice using them ito answer ACT-style questions. I've created some ACT English practice so that you can try out your new skills! 1. Lana didn't enjoy spying on Tim, but he had the information they needed. A. NO CHANGE B. he C. the people D. she 2. You may not want to go looking for the cookbook, but to ensure there are pancakes at breakfast, one must find the recipe. F. NO CHANGE G.you must H. they must J.must 3.One of the books was full of fairy tales, but Jenna couldn't find them on the shelf. A. NO CHANGE B.those C. it D.her own 2. Troy walked all the way down the mountain. After that, he was too tired to stay awake through the movie. F. NO CHANGE G.After this, H. After walking so far, J. So that Answers: 1. D, 2. G, 3. C, 4. H What's Next? If you're struggling with pronoun questions, make sure you also understand pronoun case errors. You may also want to check outsome of our other ACT grammar guides on frequentlytestedtopics like subject-verb agreementand comma usage. For more big-picture strategies, take a look at our posts on the best way to read the ACT English passage and the 5 key concepts you need to ace the ACT English. Looking to build a study plan? Read our complete plan to studying for the ACT, review what the ACT English actually covers, and take a practice test (or five!). Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Tuesday, March 3, 2020

Why Long-Distance Relationships Are Hard

Why Long-Distance Relationships Are Hard Its no secret: long-distance relationships, especially in college, are incredibly difficult. After all, just being in college is hard enough, so adding a long-distance relationship to the mix is inevitably going to add some stress and difficulty. Whether youre deciding whether you want to give your relationship a shot across the distance or whether youre just trying to prepare for whats to come, it can be a great help to be aware in advance of the challenges inherent in any college long-distance relationship. It Can Be a Challenge to Share the Little Things Sometimes, its being able to share the little things with someone that matter the most. Grabbing a cup of coffee, pointing out how ridiculous your physics professor is, or sharing a giggle over something funny in the quad are all things that can be hard, if not impossible, with a long-distance partner. Not having the shared experience of a million little things can be both sad and frustrating, especially as time goes on and all of those little, unshared experiences start to add up. It Can Be a Challenge to Share the Big Things You landed an amazing on-campus job; you just totally rocked your campaign speech for student government during a dead hour in the quad; you finally got selected to write a weekly editorial for the campus newspaper. While these may all be a huge deal in your college life, they can be hard to explain to someone who is far away and not completely familiar with the context theyre happening in. Sure, a partner can be excited for you, but its never quite the same as being there with you to applaud your efforts and see your victories in person. And that can be hard sometimes. Trust Issues Can Be Difficult You both are far away and living your own lives ... which hopefully means meeting new, interesting people. You might be a little jealous about your partners freedom and frequent interactions with potential love interests; your partner might be a little insecure about how much time youre spending with people he or she sees as a threat to your relationship. While any relationship has to be based on trust, trust in a long-distance relationship can sometimes be harder to establish. Your brain may even be able to logically explain why you should totally trust your partner, and yet your heart just cant seem to get on board. So even if you know youre being a little silly, trust issues can still creep in and pose a major challenge for one or both partners in a college long-distance relationship. Holidays and Special Events Can Feel Lonely While major goals for college should be, of course, academic in nature, there are major moments that happen along the way that is made all the more meaningful because of the people you share them with. And when your partner isnt there, things can get pretty challenging. Whether its a major athletic victory, a large co-curricular event youre organizing, a religious holiday, Valentines Day, or even something that happens unexpectedly, being alone when you want to share a special moment with your significant other can turn even the best of moments into one thats also bittersweet. Distance Can Grow Without Either Person Realizing It Even if both partners in a college long-distance relationship have the best of intentions, things sometimes just dont work out. All your Skype dates, messaging, and attempts to stay close somehow just fall short. The challenging part of this situation can, unfortunately, be that it happens without anyone really realizing it or, even worse, with one partner realizing it well before the other. They Will Never Fully Understand Your College Life Even if your partner lived on the same floor in your residence hall as you do, you still wouldnt be fully able to explain all of the details of your life to them. So when you add distance to the situation, things can quickly become incredibly, if not overwhelmingly, challenging. Even the best communicators can find it difficult to accurately and adequately explain all the exciting things about their time in school. And a partner can quickly become frustrated at their inability to fully understand whats going on in their significant others daily life. So while it may not necessarily be anyones fault, it can be frustrating when neither partner fully understands the others life. You Just Miss Them It goes without saying, of course, that the biggest challenge of a college long-distance relationship is the fact that you just miss someone you care very deeply about. You can try your hardest to stay close and make the relationship work. And even if you do last during your time apart, youll undoubtedly miss your partner terribly during the journey.

Sunday, February 16, 2020

Review of the Annual Report & Accounts regarding the financial Essay

Review of the Annual Report & Accounts regarding the financial performance of the QE11 for the year ended 31 March 2013 - Essay Example This improvement can be attributed to improved strategies that helped the centre maximise in potential. The first main reason for the improvement in cash flow was the presence of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in London between July and August 2012 (QEIICC, 2013).During this period, the centre operated as the Olympic House for Italy. This booking acted as a very strong boost for a positive cash flow. Another reason for the improvement of the cash flow was a change in strategy where the centre decreased its dependency on government bookings and concentrated on hosting both local and international professional associations and corporations. During the 2013 financial year, the centre received 326 meetings and events with government bookings accounting for only 18% of these bookings translating to only 5% of the revenue received the whole year (QEIICC, 2013). The final reason for this improvement in cash flow is an extensive and effective marketing campaign instituted. The marketing campaign targeted both the local and international markets and it was maximised through the sale and subsidiary services and opportunities. During the financial year ending 31 March 2013, the QE11 planned to achieve a minimum divided payment to the local government and to the Department of Communities equal to 6% of the total capital employed. This step was taken to ensure that the centre retains cash. Stutely (2007) notes that in some situations Chief Financial Officers may choose to retain cash rather than paying out dividends to shareholders for a variety of reasons. In the case of the QE11 several reasons may precipitate the retention of cash. Atrill and McLaney (2011) argue that retaining surplus cash is important as it provides more flexibility in an uncertain market. The government’s decision to severely cut down the number of government bookings has resulted in creating a volatile situation

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Legal Issues Affecting the Healthcare Work place Research Paper

Legal Issues Affecting the Healthcare Work place - Research Paper Example Bullying can include a series of incidents when overt or covert aggression can be inflicted on a person through spreading of rumors, withholding data, blocking promotion, or inflicting psychological abuse through exclusion (Leonard, Norman, and Spring, 2009). Horizontal violence is also a form of bullying, but it involves non-physical acts of aggression between employees of similar hierarchical positions. It includes: criticizing, insulting, undermining, and bickering (Leonard, Norman, and Spring, 2009). Mobbing involves negative actions of a group directed towards one employee. Parties involved may be those of higher positions abusing those in power positions. Workplace abuse may either be physical through shoving, pushing, and be kicking, or it may also be verbal through berating or threatening; it may be active or passive, and it may also be directly or indirectly carried out. In healthcare, studies and reviews indicate that these workers are about 16 times more likely to suffer workplace violence as compared to other employees. Moreover, nurses who are often at the frontline of health services are subjected to abuse from family members of patients. These nurses are unavoidably exposed to these dangers because they are exposed to patients who have issues related to substance abuse, domestic violence, HIV/AIDS, mental health problems, and other social issues. In effect, the patient’s health issues and unfavorable conditions when they face nurses create dangerous scenarios for nurses.

Saturday, January 25, 2020

The role of women in society and the church

The role of women in society and the church Introduction I am going to discuss the role of women in the church and contentious issues, particularly when the passages such as 1 Timothy 2:11-14, and 1 Corinthians 13:34 talk about women should be silent in church. And slightly discuss the women in the society. The Role of Women in the Society Women in the modern society Women today are coming forth in modern social trends. This feminism may appear too extreme and rather threatening to the male ego, yet the role of women in current society has drastically changed. Perhaps there is some explanation for their actions. Women are now regularly performing duties that were traditionally assigned to males. They are attempting to fight the continuing stereotype established during the earlier part of the century. The pretty image of the perfect fifties wife is rapidly evolving into a more suitable projection to accommodate their new role in todays society. More than two generations ago, a girl was expected to abandon her academic pursuits and assume the role of a housewife. She would completely devote herself to the preservation of the female-oriented position of homemaker. As time has progressed, fluctuations in the economy have made it necessary for a woman to obtain a career in order to fit in the society. Strange as it may seem, the family roles have not changed much in todays society. While girls and women (not only Polish) have more opportunities in home based employment, the traditional roles of women are still quite evident. They are still the caring provider and nurturer of young infants and children, the comforter for the crying child and the feminine presence of the household. While the husbands role has diversified into more household chores and the cooking and cleaning up responsibilities, they are still considered the head of the household. In the absence of the man, can the woman really be like the man? I think yes. There are women who are capable in finance, Do-It-Yourself fixtures and fittings, even being a capable single parent and bread winner. In this respect, women will have to be like the man. Of course, the woman cannot match the physical strength of the man. The other aspect of thinking like the man is a definite no. This is through experience. Women generally look at the details and forget about the overall picture. They have the capability of juggling more than one issue at a time unlike the man. And she is more tempered to her feelings. And because of this, the focus is not there to make a sound judgment. Men on the other hand, are more focus and look at one thing at a time. They are less prone to feelings and therefore they are better at seeing the overall picture. I think for this matter, a man balances up the woman and vice versa. If we look at the example of a family with the wife who tries to be like the man, we have a situation where the roles are different now, because of the presence of the man. Man, no matter how gifted or ungifted have a certain ability to say that he is the man in the house. And for the wife to usurp his position there will be certain unrest in the overall relationship. This may not be currently evident but it will become an issue at a later stage. Subtle hints are always there and if the wife chooses not to suspect or confront the situation, it will lead to a crisis. Men and Women in Worship. I will begin by what Paul stated concerning men and women in worship that men should adopt a respectful attitude as they pray and also women should pray with an altitude of respect, just like men. It might be a different thing in that church which Paul was addressing. Women face particular problem, in that it is easy for them to become preoccupied with their appearance and with looks that take time to achieve. It’s true that Descent and Honorable behave matters far more to God than jewels and expensive clothes. Beside if Christian women who posses Gods worship are too concerned about their external appearance they will forget the essential and will have neither the time of doing good deed. It’s important to emphasize that Paul was not forbidding beautiful jewelry or lovely hair styles to all Christian women of all time was warning against becoming so attached to clothes and fashions and forgets the most important thing that is pleasing God by doing good deeds. Paul Advice Women to Be Quite During Teachings This advice has raised much debate among Christians in Africa, especially since the raise of feminist theology that asserts among other things, the right of women express themselves. Certain versions of the Bible have tried to get to get around the problem of translating 2:11 in a more acceptable way while still being true in the spirit of the text. The massage translates this as i dont let women to take over and tell men what to do. This translation assume that Paul give this advice because women were talking positions of authority and even of dominance over men, which was unacceptable in the culture of that day. The requirement for silence in association with teaching may also indicate that the women were talkative during time of teaching and worship. Paul advice women to be silence not because of inferior, but as a sign of their submission to men and of acknowledgment of mens authority. They will then be obeying the Oder that God established at creation. In applying this instruction in Kenya today, we need to think carefully about how women express their submission to authorities and to men. THE ROLES OF WOMEN IN CHURCH IN KENYA TODAY The role of women in the church is a contentious issue, particularly when passage 1 Timothy 2:11-14 is a regarded as laying down absolute rather than general principles within a particular culture. The focus should fall on the biblical call for all human beings to decern what is the will of God in their live ( roman 12:2) Jesus radical mission of transformation for liberation. Means that women and men are equally called and empowered to participate in the same mission in the church. What women and men do depends on our obedience to the guidance and empowerment of the Holy spirit. Because of the entrenched culture and sexist attitude and practices, and the male-dominated leadership in many of the churches especially in the Maasai land, women in Kenya church have critical and prophetic role to play in stirring waters and speaking the truth by asserting their God given humanity and gift not for their own sake of integrity of the gospel. many women in Kenya church have continue to claim their full potential and have taken leading roles. like the Samaritan woman ( John 4:1-42) when women in the Kenya church drink the water offered by Jesus, they go out to witness and spread the word of truth in their homes, villages, communities and churches with determination, boldness, courage and humility. for example the like of Teresia Wairimu, Esther Obasike, Bishop Magret Wajiru and many of great women of God which some have founded churches , preached, taught christian theology seminary schools and translated scripture into different languages in Kenya. Where the church have listen the voice of the Holy Spirit , they have realize that scripture grant women a place in all ministries of the church. And women have been rightly ordeined to serve in all ministries of the church. Conclusion A careful examination of the Bible will yield an understanding of God’s intent for women and men to be full and equal partners to serve and worship Him. Perhaps the easiest point to make and understand is that there are many biblical examples of women leaders. The following women were divinely called to lead, were affirmed by their religious communities, and were specifically recorded in scripture as part of God’s revealed truth. A few examples: Miriam – prophet; played major role in Exodus; led worship singing and dancing. Deborah – prophet; judge; led Israeli troops into battle with Barak Lydia – business woman who became a central leader in the Philippian Church Priscilla – helped Paul establish churches at Corinth and Ephesus; corrected Apollo’s preaching Phoebe – deacon; commended by Paul for her service to the church If by design God created women not to be leaders, then he would be going against his own order and intent to place women in leadership; but God does not violate His own design. In the beginning humans were created male and female in equality and partnership reflecting the image of God both individually and together as a plural unit. The sequence of creation does not signify importance or superiority. Adam is not superior because he is first; Eve is not the new and improved model. Instead, Eve is called Adam’s helper. The word helper, however, is not used as an indication of rank as in â€Å"a boss and an assistant.† The Hebrew word is ‘ezer and is also used to describe God by Moses in Exodus 18:4 when he says, â€Å"My father’s God was my helper: he saved me from the sword of Pharaoh.† Since God is called a helper also, we need to maintain the original elevated biblical definition of this word, and not submit to a culturally lowered interpretation in our understanding of God’s creation design Adam and Eve are both punished for disobeying God. One of the consequences of Eve’s sin was a distorted relationship with Adam. However, God in his mercy promised a reversal of the fall and restored divine and human relations through Jesus Christ. Restoration in Salvation: Salvation through Christ reverses or removes the punishment of judgment. Individuals are restored to a relationship with God. While we live in a world where the effects of sin are still playing out, believers are now members of the Kingdom of God where equality in him is restored. But even before Christ, faithful women were already filling places of leadership indicating that one’s relationship with God has an impact that brings about a change on the judgment meted out at the fall. Refrence list 1 The Bible 2 http://www.gci.org/church/ministry/women6b 4.Sanley J. Grenz (1950-2005) :A Biblical Theology of Women in Ministry. Wolfhart Pannenberg publisher. 1